Maybe, but it might not be a major factor. Changing the overall resolution might make more difference if you run graphically intensive programs like Aperture, because it might lower the amount of graphics RAM they need. On a 13" MBP, graphics RAM comes out of the main RAM, implying that lowering the screen res might make more difference if you are low on RAM. But if there is plenty of RAM, lowering the need for graphics RAM might not make any difference.
It also might not make much difference if your other major batttery drainers like Wifi, Bluetooth, screen brightness, etc. have not also been managed.
Go ahead and try it but it doesn't seem like it would make a huge difference given the mix of factors that affects power drain. If it does make a noticeable difference, let us know.