It should not be possible to lose your camera roll photos when you backup. Backing up is supposed to prevent the loss of photos in the camera roll.
Where exactly were these photos? Were they in the camera roll? If they were, then they should be in the backup and you should try restoring from the backup using iTunes.
If the photos were synced for your computer, and they were not selected to sync again, then they were erased when you synced with iTunes. If they are still on your computer, you should be able to sync them back.
You really need to provide details as to which photos these were, and exactly what you did.