What brought me here was not being able to record audio using Quicktime player when using the "Screen Recording" feature as my headphones are plugged into my Macbook Pro that runs on Mavericks 10.9.5. Screen Recording works great when I don't have headphones plugged in as Quicktime is able to pick up the audio that is coming from my voice and the audio being blasted from my Macbooks speakers all being taken in by my Macbook's built-in microphone. The problem comes when I plug in my headphones and then all audio refuses to be recorded.
After seeing many similar posts to this across google's search and seeing the constant unhelpful Community Specialists simply pointing to a Quicktime Documentation link with no follow up after users respond that this is still not helpful I decided to share what worked for me.
First you're going to need to download an application called Soundflower which you can get at this link: https://rogueamoeba.com/freebies/soundflower/
Go through the normal installation process and make sure you get Soundflower downloaded into your applications folder.
Next, watch this YouTube video on the following link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDm7qEkPKNs Enjoy this gentlemen's good explanation of the settings you will need to implement for Soundflower and your personal Mac device exactly. Cross your T's and dot your I's.
When all settings are set correctly open Quicktime Player and begin a screen recording test while plugged in with headphones. Make sure that the Soundflower application is open and running when you are recording. Now you'll be able to review your recording and listen to your voice input audio simultaneously with the audio that is being transmitted through your headphones.
Lastly, don't forget when you try to listen to the recording without running Soundflower you're probably going to wonder, "Wait a minute, why can't I hear the audio?" I wondered the same thing, but then I remembered I can either hear the audio by turning on Soundflower OR (what you should do) is go to your device System Preferences > Sound > Output and change your output to either your "Headphones" or "Built-in Speakers." Then remember to reset the setting back to the way they were for your next Screen Recording adventure.
Cheers Everyone!