Basically, your system isn't working right if added fonts don't show up in all apps.
As explained above, did you activate these fonts after Word (or any Office app) was running? If so, then no, newly activated fonts won't appear until you shut down the Office app and relaunch it.
Fonts not appearing in all apps (even though Font Book says they're active) is a very common fault with Font Book. Follow these basic font resetting steps:
Close Font Book if it's open, and any other apps you may have running. From the desktop, hold down the Shift key and choose Go > Library from the menu. Open the Preferences folder. Put the following two items in the trash:
com.apple.FontRegistry.user.plist
com.apple.FontBook.plist
Keep all other apps closed. From an administrator account, open the Terminal app and enter the following command. You can also copy/paste it from here into the Terminal window:
sudo atsutil databases -remove
Terminal will then ask for your admin password. As you type, it will not show anything, so be sure to enter it correctly.
This command removes all font cache files. Both for the system and the current logged in user account. After running the command, close Terminal and immediately restart your Mac.
When the system boots back up, do not launch Font Book. Manually place the fonts you want to see in Office 2011 in the Fonts folder of your user account. You can also place them in the root /Library/Fonts/ folder. It doesn't matter where within either one.
Now launch your Office apps and test. Assuming nothing is wrong with the OS or the fonts themselves, the fonts should be available.