The US model iPhone6 is part number A1549 (GSM) or A1549 (CDMA). The A1549 (GSM) will work in the UK but will not support all the frequencies used in the UK. From the https://www.apple.com/iphone/LTE/ page it appears in this particular case the A1549 (GSM) supports 800MHz - LTE band 18 or 19 which is one of the frequencies used by Vodafone UK and also supports 2.6GHz LTE band 7 which is the other frequency used by Vodafone UK.
This implies it might be suitable to use with Vodafone UK on 4G. However while the networks and the above Apple table merely list the frequency as 800MHz or 2.6GHz in actuality the frequencies are not simple or exactly 800MHz and 2.6GHz. Vodafone bought a license to use 2 x 10MHz of bandwidth in the 800MHz range and 1 x 25MHz and an additional 1 x 20MHz in the 2.6GHz range. I suspect this means the actual real frequency might be something like 810MHz - 820MHz. It is therefore possible that a US band 18, 19 and 7 might not be exactly the same as the ones used by Vodafone UK.
I think however the biggest issue is going to be that while the above table specifically talks about LTE bands and seems to suggest you will be ok you also need to still take in to consideration the need to support 3G bands and maybe even 2G bands. This is because sadly 4G coverage is not 100% and in many areas you are forced to drop down to older slower networks. So if you did buy a US model which appears to support the 4G frequencies used by Vodafone you still also need to have coverage for 3G etc. as well. Also remember that right now non of the UK networks officially support VoLTE, Vodafone UK only made their very first VoLTE test call in August 2014 - less than a month ago! So while all the above relates to 4G data, voice calls still all use 3G.
For the purposes of a US citizen travelling to the US then go ahead, an iPhone 6 will be even better at roaming as it does support more frequencies than previous models. If your plan is to try and buy a handset more cheaply in the US and grey import it to the UK then don't bother. You still will have to declare it at customs and still will have to pay any duty plus the full 20% VAT. As US retailers typically charge US sales tax even to non-US customers you may end up paying sales tax twice over. It is far harder to almost impossible to claim back US sales tax. (It is easy to buy items in the UK to take back to the US and claim back or avoid UK VAT, many retailers on Tottenham Court Road do this simply by asking to see your foreign passport.)