Adam,
I'm not 100% sure but I have some ideas that might help.
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Have you tried Repairing Disk and Disk Permissions?
To repair Disk and Disk permissions you have to start your Computer in Recovery Mode.
Restart your mac -> Hold down ( Command ) and ( R ) keys at startup.
Choose ( Disk Utility ) -> Select your Hard Drive ( Macintosh HD ) [*Note if you have FileVault turned on you have to enter your password to unlock it.] -> Select ( Repair Disk ) -> Wait a moment until it finishes -> Select ( Repair Disk Permissions ).
Supporting Articles
About Disk Utility's Repair Disk Permissions feature
OS X: About OS X Recovery
Resolve startup issues and perform disk maintenance with Disk Utility and fsck
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Also Booting into Safe Mode can fix somethings.
Start your computer in Safe Mode.
Restart your Mac -> Hold down the ( Shift ) key at startup. Release when you see the apple logo.
Login to your user then shutdown. Safe boot does a few things in the supporting article you can read about them more. It has been know to help some people with strange issues.
Supporting Articlese
OS X: What is Safe Boot, Safe Mode?
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Reset System Management Controller ( SMC )
Before you do this it recommended that you Shutdown your computer and unplug it for several seconds. On portables with a removable battery, remove the battery and unplug for several seconds. Then see if your errors are still happening.
For Portables with Removable Battery.
Shut Down Computer -> Disconnect from Power Adapter -> Remove battery -> Press and hold power button for 5 seconds -> Release -> Reconnect Battery and Power Adapter -> Turn on computer.
For Portables with Battery you shouldn't remove.
Shut Down -> Plug in Power Adapter if not plugged in -> Press on the left side of built in keyboard ( Shift ) ( Control ) ( Option ) keys and the ( Power ) Button at the same time. -> Release at the same time -> Turn on Computer.
For other Macs.
Shut Down -> Unplug Power Cord -> Wait 15 Seconds -> Plug Power Cord back in -> Wait 5 Seconds -> Turn on Computer
Supporting Articles
Intel-based Macs: Resetting the System Management Controller (SMC)
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Reset Parameter Random-Access Memory ( PRAM )
Shut Down -> Turn on Mac -> Immediately press and hold ( Option ) ( Command ) ( P ) ( R ) Keys -> Hold till you hear the startup sound for the second time. -> Release keys.
Supporting Articles
OS X Mavericks: Reset your computer’s PRAM
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And last I would run Apples Hardware Test
How you do such can vary.
Turn Computer on -> Hold the ( D ) Key down -> Follow the onscreen prompts.
If your computer came with restore CDs you have to load in one of them and try again. Using Apple Hardware Test explains.
Supporting Articles
MacBook Pro 2011: HardWare Test
Using Apple Hardware Test
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Hope that helps,
Weston