What type of power adapter should I use to charge my phone? Is it okay if I use a non-Apple power adapter? Is it okay if I charge my phone thru a computer? Will it mess up the charger or batter? How can I preserve my battery?
iPhone 5s, iOS 8.1.2
You should use a genuine Apple certified adapter. Others may not work at all. You can use a computer's USB port - some of those may not work, either - you will get a message on the phone if they do not.
Shouldn't the charger be 5 Watts? And if so, how will I know if it is or isn't? I know it should say is say somewhere on the power adapter but I dont know what to look for exactly. Like what would be the lablel, for example 5W or 5V or something similar?
Just look for "Genuine Apple Certified," and "for iPhone" model whatever your phone model is, and you won't need to worry about the wattage. Here's another article about charging that should help.
Charging the iPhone 5s
