In months past I've not saved passwords on several websites. Now I want KeyChain to start remembering. The websites do not show up on the list in my iCloud KeyChain, and a couple of them I deleted recently. All software are current versions.

From the Safari menu bar, select

Safari ▹ Preferences... ▹ Passwords

Find the address of the site and delete the entry from the list.

Back up all data. Open the iCloud preference pane and uncheck the Keychain box. You'll be prompted to delete the local iCloud keychain. Confirm—the data will remain on the servers. Then re-check the box. Follow one of the procedures described in this support article to set up iCloud Keychain on an additional device. Test.

Please read this whole message before doing anything.

This procedure is a diagnostic test. It won’t solve your problem. Don’t be disappointed when you find that nothing has changed after you complete it.

The purpose of this test is to determine whether the problem is localized to your user account. Enable guest logins* and log in as Guest. Don't use the Safari-only “Guest User” login created by “Find My Mac.”

While logged in as Guest, you won’t have access to any of your documents or settings. Applications will behave as if you were running them for the first time. Don’t be alarmed by this behavior; it’s normal. If you need any passwords or other personal data in order to complete the test, memorize, print, or write them down before you begin.

Test while logged in as Guest. Same problem?

After testing, log out of the guest account and, in your own account, disable it if you wish. Any files you created in the guest account will be deleted automatically when you log out of it.

*Note: If you’ve activated “Find My Mac” or FileVault in OS X 10.7 or later, then you can’t enable the Guest account. The "Guest User" login created by "Find My Mac" is not the same. Create a new account in which to test, and delete it, including its home folder, after testing.

Can you find the passwords in Keychain Access?

If you're facing the same problem on all your devices, it's a bug in iCloud Keychain. I can't reproduce it myself, so I don't know what to tell you. You'd have to get help from Apple Support. They might waive the charge for a support call, but don't count on it.

If you do get a resolution, please update this thread. The information might be helpful to others.