But as the spoofer uses different "names" at the beginning
of my email address, I cannot stop receiving the refused mails
that rebound to my address.
Since you are receiving bounced/refused emails from the incoming mail server/domain for a number of email addresses indicating a message or messages sent with your email address appearing as the sending email address cannot be delivered for whatever reason, your actual/correct email address is being used by this spammer to appear as the sending email address for these bulk spam mailings or you wouldn't receive these bounced/refused email error messages.
A spammer/sender cannot use a different name at the beginning of your email address (assuming you are referring to the portion of your email address in front of the "@" sign only) or you wouldn't receive these bounced/refused messages.
As previously provided, your email address can only be used as your actual email address, not with a different beginning or anything else different, etc.
One of the reasons you are receiving so many bounced/refused messages is because the email addresses for these recipients probably aren't valid anyway since spammers also guess at email addresses for a domain when sending a bulk spam mailing to email addresses for that domain in the hope that some guessed at email addresses will be valid and get through which is called a "Dictionary" attack by spammers.
I cannot stop receiving the refused mails that rebound to my address.
You are wasting your time with this but if your friend found the culprit which means determining the computer IP address for the spammer who is doing this (btw, many spammers also "spoof" their computer IP address), you will be better served hiring a lawyer and pressing charges against this person than trying to add rules, etc. or doing anything else to prevent these bounced/refused messages. This spammer won't use your email address for long so it will stop soon.