how do I download my notes from the icloud

If they were stored on the Gmail account, and you deleted them fro there, you likely can't. If you were backing up the phone, and included Notes in eh back up, it is possible you can recover them via a restore from the back up. However, that assumes you have not backed up since deleting the notes, and you can afford to lose any data added to the phone since that last back up was completed.

I Lost them too by the same way.

why do they default to gmail?

i Want them to be stored in iCloud.

Probably because you have gmail set up as your default account and didn't select iCloud before creating the notes. If you do not wish to use Gmail for notes, turn it off in in Settings App > Mail,Contacts,Calendars > [your gmail account].