But the 'original' export option was left out of the export menu.
It's not. There is is under File -> Export. What it is, is broken out into a separate and distinct command within the Export command. There is a very solid reason for doing this, I think, and it may well be due to feedback from folks using iPhoto who thought they could not export original files from iPhoto. This makes it plain and easier.
The fact is, these are MY images and files.
Who on earth said otherwise?
These tools make it harder to manage and manipulate them in the way we, the end user, wants to.
Well I'm going to ignore the word 'we' there, as I know you mean to use 'I', but a: if it does, don't use the app. Like any app, if it does what you want use it, if it doesn't don't - just like cars, cookers, televisions, razors, garden tools and every other device out there. Using the app is not compulsory, it has strengths and weaknesses like every app, it's optimised towards a particular kind of user. If you're not that kind of user then you're perfectly free to use an app more to your needs.
Apple is becoming the big brother they fought in 1984… I'm fine with closed systems, but I need my files to remain unchanged, and easy to work with.
Well one falls down as it's not a closed system. You can export anything you put into it (with the exception of the Faces feature, I'll grant you, but that's because there is no agreed standard for that kind of data), your files remain unchanged and, well what "easy to work with" actually means is a bit vague.
If you think Photos is a closed system then so are text files.
Despite the slick looking intro tour, I still can't work out what Photos is actually for.
It's optimised for the most workflow using the most popular series of cameras in the world, right now. They're made by Apple and have a phone attached. It works really well in that scenario.
It can't replace iPhoto, it can't replace Aperture,
It doesn't want to replace either. This apps are discontinued. It's moving in a whole new direction - tight integration and sharing across the entire ecosystem.
you can't see basic things like file names in a useful way either
And therein lies, I suspect, the problem. It's about Photos and Photo Metadata, not files and file metadata. As long as you confuse files with the data they contain - in other words, confuse shoe boxes with shoes - you're always going to have problems with databases.
Again, you can manage your own files on your Mac, you can even manage them while using iPhoto, Photos or Aperture, but none of those apps are required. And if you don't want to use them, don't. See? That's an open system.