Q: Itunes Bar

If you use iTunes to sync your photos, make sure that you transferred all of them to your Mac, empty the camera roll, then deactivate syncing for photos in iTunes, sync to let iTunes erase the photos. After that select the photos to be synced in iTunes and sync them back again.

If your "Other" section got that big, this could point to damaged data on the phone, maybe data got corrupted during the sync process.

Usually all info attached to the image will also be transferred, but you can try one photo and see if the info stays.

You'll have to create new albums in iPhoto or Folders on the Mac that contain the photos you want to sync. Choose those folders to sec from to create new albums on the phone.

Since some of the photos got could not be read anymore by iTunes and  and ended up in the "other" section, your latest backup might as well have the same corrupted photo data inside, and restoring from that backup will probably bring the problem back to the phone again.

You can try to back up the phone and restore from that backup again. Photos inside the camera roll are part of the backup, if you back up to iTunes on your Mac.

Make sure to have your photos transferred before you start, just in case...

About backups in iCloud and iTunes - Apple Support

Import photos and videos from your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch to your Mac or Windows PC - Apple Support