From what you describe at this point, I would have to say your best alternative is as deggie has suggested, a 3rd party software that you may be able to recover the mail from the iPad. You are correct in not connecting it to the internet, as you would immediately lose the information. While it also may not recover all of the mail, if you have Outlook configured correctly, you should have an auto-archive file generated. It depends on how you have configured it, but it is generally a 7-14 day cycle that would have some of those emails in the archive file. Sort of an auto-backup. If the 3rd party software suggestion that deggie made does not work, this would probably be the only other alternative you have. While it may not get everything, it could recover some. This would also be the catalyst to get you to ensure you have your auto-archive set up as well.
Is there no daily backup of the computer/server that contains the mail? That may also contain a copy of your pst/ost file that may help in recovering some of the mail.