Old school photo storage

How do I handle my photos like in the good old days before iCloud and the Photos app?

I wanna transfer my photos from my iPhone 5 and store them locally on my MacBook. I then want to delete the photos from my phone. Just like in the old days.

What I'm afraid is that if I delete photos from my iPhone, they'll disappear from iCloud and, hence, also from my MacBook. How do I avoid this? Which settings am I going to toggle?

Cheers