I have exactly the same problem and can't figure out how to solve it. Trying to make a Kingston HyperX Savage 240 SSD work in a mid-2009 15" Macbook Pro.
Tried:
1. Replaced my HDD with the SSD. Suceeded in formatting the SSD with the Disk Utility from the Mavericks bootable flash drive but when trying to install Mavericks it gets stuck.
2. Installed Mavericks on the Kingston SSD via a SATA-USB Rack and everything worked fine. Booted fine from the rack but when placed inside the notebook it stops on the grey screen with the Apple logo and the loading circle below.
3. Thought it might be the SATA cable but tried to install it in a similar Macbook Pro from the office and got the same results.
4. Placed it in my girlfriend's Early-2011 and it worked flawlessly.
5. Thought about downgrading the firmware on the my Macbook Pro. After all this is a 6Gb/s SSD and our Macbooks have a negotiated link speed of only 1,5Gb/s...
What to do....?