Same issue here, exactly as shown in your screen capture. But it happens on one of my Windows7 machines, not on the other. That points to some conflict between iCloud and another piece of software, or some problem/corruption with some of iCloud's data on that machine. (It *probably* rules out a server-side issue.)
But I have checked everything I can think of, and can't find what's different between the two machines. I've uninstalled/reinstalled iCloud multiple times. I've uninstalled antivirus, turned off firewalls. I've reset winsock, flushed dns resolver. I've logged all devices (including the PCs) out of iCloud, then logged them back in. I've created an entirely new user profile. And this happens with two different iCloud accounts (mine and my wife's account). Still get the "empty" dialog on one machine, just as shown in your screen capture. Both work fine on the other machine.
In addition, if you maximize that window -- and then click the "Buy More Storage" button, another error is displayed: "An error occurred validating your storage server credentials."