Tim,
If you need data that is on your computer, and don't have it backed up, try this:
1. Re-install El Capitan from recovery mode. This might let you log in once, but not for re-starts.
or
2. Access your hard drive from target disk mode (hold T through the start up until you get the thunderbolt screen). This will require another mac and a thunderbolt cable. Have the thunderbolt cable plugged in and good mac turned on before you turn on the bad machine.
Once you have your data, you will be looking to wipe your drive and re-install Yosemite. Try this:
1. Start up in recovery mode, use the disk utility to erase your disk (the one labeled Macintosh HD). Select OS X journaled format, and name the disk.
2. Shut down.
3. Start up in internet recovery mode (command + option + R) on start. This should allow you to re-install whatever version of OS X came installed on your computer (I'm guessing Yosemite).
4. If it is Mavericks, you can then upgrade to Yosemite through the App Store on your Purchased page.
5. You should then have access to all your App Store Apps on the Purchased page. If some of them won't install, call Apple and they will give you a code to redeem for a new version.
6. You will have to go re-download your third party apps (make sure you have product keys, etc.)
After about a week of trouble-shooting, I finally had to do exactly as I outlined above. My computer is running great now though.
Best of Luck! Hope this helps.
Jon