If you are still looking for a solution, please read this article first:
http://osxdaily.com/2013/07/24/remove-other-data-storage-iphone-ipad/
Then connect your phone to your computer, open iTunes and on the Summary Tab (the default) there should be a bar at the bottom showing your usage. Look at a category called "Other" and also any other categories to try to determine why you have zero available.
You will likely have to do a full restore to clear the issue per these instructions. https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201252
You can try restoring from backup but if the problem comes back your system is corrupted and you would have to repeat the restore again but setting your device as new. You would have to reenter all you settings and apps from scratch, a time consuming process, but hopefully you will have a working iPhone again. Good luck.