When was location services introduced on iPhones?

This is a general research question, and something I've been unable to find a definitive answer to as yet.

When did iPhones start utilising location services, and was it always linked to Messages? More specifically: if someone sent a message from an iPhone in, say, 2008 or 2009, would the recipient be able to see where it was sent from (if the sender had enabled this)? It seems that iOS 8/9 has this feature (if I've read correctly), but neither existed in 2008/2009.

Thanks.