Load data from iTunes backup without losing current data?

Over the past weekend, my 128GB iPhone 6 Plus bricked out of nowhere while I was using it (of course while I was out of town). I tried to do a hard reset, which led it into recovery mode. I was forced to restore. Once the restore was completed, I had the option to restore from iCloud or iTunes.

My problem is, my most recent backup to iTunes, which was performed about one week prior to this, has disappeared for some reason, and iTunes is showing that my most recent backup is from December, but I am 100% sure I have backed up my phone to iTunes multiple times since then, including just a week prior. I have no idea how this happened, but anyway, I had a more recent backup from iCloud, but only of my notes, contacts, and calendar, seeing that I only had 5GB of iCloud storage. So I restored from this, and lost all of my photos and app data.

However, I do have most of my photos and app data in that backup from December. So, what i'm wondering is, can I get those photos and app data back onto my phone without losing the data that I already have on there?

This is the second time that this has happened to me, so I upgraded my iCloud to 200GB of storage.

Additional information:

Macbook Pro Retina - 15 inch Early 2013

OS X El Capitan - 10.11.3

iTunes 12.3.2.35

iOS 9.2.1