Q: is there a way to disable certain downloads on multiple devices with 1 apple id?

I don't believe you are in compliance with Apples license agreement.  You can only use the same apple id on devices you use exclusively. The devices are not to be shared.  I not a lawyer and do not know your situation.

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"This document offers guidance on some important considerations for getting the most out of your iOS deployment." Covers: Prepare your infrastructure.  Set up devices.  Configure and manage devices.  Deploy apps and content.  Plan for support. 

https://www.apple.com/business/docs/iOS_Enterprise_Deployment_Overview.pdf

Quick overview of zero touch deplayment

http://www.apple.com/education/it/dep/

Consider DEP, Device Enrollment Program. Use VPP, Volume Purchase Program.  Select an MDM, Mobile Device Management.  Read the Google doc below and nsdjoey write up.

    Overview of ipad & iphone deployment.   

      It's education focused.

      http://www.apple.com/education/it/

    Writing you own app for your business:

      https://developer.apple.com/enterprise/

    MDM --  Mobile Device Management  

      https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2015-301/

      For a comparison see this page:

      http://www.enterpriseios.com/wiki/Comparison_MDM_Providers

    VPP -- Volume Purchase Program

      http://www.apple.com/business/vpp/

      http://www.apple.com/education/it/vpp/

Using Apple Configurator 2

See ccsdtech writeup on page 5

See weinsteinbevit plus Meraki MDM on page 5

https://discussions.apple.com/message/29798579?tstart=0#29798579

I recommend that you make use of Apple's new Family Sharing service. Of course, you will have to give every device its own Apple ID, but you will then be able to regulate content access on all devices subordinate to the head of the household's device. You can set things up so that subordinate users can freely purchase content, or you can restrict access to only the content that you have allowed.

For more information, head to the information page for setting up Family Sharing across your devices.

Set up Family Sharing - Apple Support

Best of luck to you.

Hello,

Family sharing says it self, it is for personal use + shared inside of the family. You need to own all licenses for the apps in order to use them lawfully. Otherwise it is the same as piracy...

The real solution to this is to follow rccharles instructions to set up an MDM system with all the right tools necesary.

It is always best to get it right from the first time!

Good luck!

This would be a perfect use of OS X server and profile manager/configurator.  Depending on your situation, you can push App Store apps through VPP without Apple ID's, or enterprise apps through PM/Configurator.