Not sure what you mean by "direct charging"? The iphone itself regulates the charging of the battery, not the external power source. The lightening port itself is expected to be connected by a standard USB connector, which is 5v. So it doesn't matter what the external power supply is, as long as what is sent to the iPhone meets USB power standards.
People are using their 29watt MacBook power supplies to charge iPhones and iPads which works fine since the MacBook power supply outputs standard USB power, and the device itself will regulate current to the charging circuits and battery.
P.S. And bypassing the device SMART charging system with a lithium battery can be a really bad idea, as lithium batteries can easily explode or burn if you are not careful what power you feed into them. That is, in part, why the international SMART lithium technology standards even exist.