Q: how do i recovery my files from my stolen iPhone without a back up?

Sorry but I see no possible solutions in this case. You should back up data on regular basis.

Hopefully you'll get your device back. If your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch is lost or stolen - Apple Support

No.

Your data will only be where you put it.

If you failed to store it on your computer or cloud service and you did not backup then, there is no where from which to retrieve the info.

Sorry