iPhone: Sync issue, Apple Mail is not sync to Desktop Outlook

I have the problem, that my mailaccount in outlook (desktop computer) is not sync with my mailaccount on my iPhone.

Mail which I delete on my outlook are not deleted on my iPhone. Installing outlook on my iPhone is a workaround, but do not solve my problem. Because while using only outlook, my calendar will be empty and also the telefoncontacts.

The push function is active for my exchange account and what it makes really funny, if I delete a mail on my iPhone it disappears on my desktop outlook.