It is difficult to say what will work. It very much also depends on the version of OS-X or macOS you are running and how it detects your monitor resolutions.
I tested with the 2016 retina Macbook with the latest El Capitan and the different Sierra versions and my Dell Ultrasharp 3008wfp.
But all version behave different and Apple fixed bugs, but also introduced new ones along the way.
There are HDMI to DisplayPort adapters that support 2560x1600 correctly ( http://www.delock.de/produkte/G_62496/merkmale.html?setLanguage=en ) and that somewhat work.
And there are DisplayPort to Dual-Link adapters that do that correctly: ( http://accessories.us.dell.com/sna/productdetail.aspx?c=us&l=en&s=bsd&cs=04&sku= 470-AANW )
So I connected: Apple Multiport HDMI adapter -> DeLock HDMI to DisplayPort -> Dell DisplayPort to Dual-Link DVI -> Dell 3008wfp
Sadly on Sierra, macOS only detects 1920x1200, not 2560x1600, but it does work. (but on that resolution you could just use a passive HDMI to DVI adapter).
On El Capitan it did detect 2560x1600, but the display was not stable (flickering on and off). But on El Capitan the external screen was not stable in any situation. On Sierra the external Screen output is at least stable when using DisplayPort directly on high resolution monitors (it was totally unusable on El Capitan).
I also tried to override the resolution by using an EDID override file for my monitor, but that didn't work.
Eventually I did get my Dell connected in 2560x1600 (works perfectly in macOS 10.12.2, and is just-usable-and-somewhat-stable on 10.12.3).
I use Apple Multiport HDMI adapter -> 4k HDMI audio extractor -> DeLock HDMi to DisplayPort adapter -> Dell 3008
The Audio extractor is needed in order for macOS to detect the correct resolution, otherwise macOS refuses to select a higher resolutions then 1600x1200 (again a bug that was not present in El Capitan).