There are tons of fonts installed by the Mac OS that do not need to be there for everyone. A large number of the fonts (particularly in the root /Library/Fonts/ folder) are there for foreign language support.
Font Management in macOS and OS X explains which fonts can be safely removed from the System and root Library folders. Be sure to read section one through rather closely. Mostly paying attention that you can read the recommended minimum list for the System folder regarding Sierra, and then scroll past the rest of the previous versions of OS X to where the /Library/Fonts/ folder is discussed. The latter is kind of a mess to read through because Apple keeps bouncing some fonts around. One version of the OS they're in the System folder, and the next the same required font is in the Library folder.
Or, just duplicate my lists (which are the same result as following the article). Courier, Times, Symbol and Zapf Dingbats are more on the optional side for prepress users. Particularly if they interfere with activating Type 1 PostScript or OpenType PostScript versions. Though a good font manager (like Suitcase Fusion) will automatically turn them off when a third party version is activated. You can do also do that manually by placing the conflicting fonts in the user account Fonts folder. Though my personal preference is to never intentionally create font conflicts.
/System/Library/Fonts/ folder:
Apple Color Emoji.ttc
Avenir.ttc
Courier.dfont
Geneva.dfont
Helvetica.dfont
HelveticaNeue.dfont
HelveticaNeueDeskInterface.ttc
Keyboard.ttf
LastResort.ttf
LucidaGrande.ttc
Menlo.ttc
Monaco.dfont
PingFang.ttc
SFCompactDisplay-Black.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Bold.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Heavy.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Light.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Medium.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Regular.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Semibold.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Thin.otf
SFCompactDisplay-Ultralight.otf
SFCompactRounded-Black.otf
SFCompactRounded-Bold.otf
SFCompactRounded-Heavy.otf
SFCompactRounded-Light.otf
SFCompactRounded-Medium.otf
SFCompactRounded-Regular.otf
SFCompactRounded-Semibold.otf
SFCompactRounded-Thin.otf
SFCompactRounded-Ultralight.otf
SFCompactText-Bold.otf
SFCompactText-BoldItalic.otf
SFCompactText-Heavy.otf
SFCompactText-HeavyItalic.otf
SFCompactText-Light.otf
SFCompactText-LightItalic.otf
SFCompactText-Medium.otf
SFCompactText-MediumItalic.otf
SFCompactText-Regular.otf
SFCompactText-RegularItalic.otf
SFCompactText-Semibold.otf
SFCompactText-SemiboldItalic.otf
SFNSDisplay.ttf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Black.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Bold.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Heavy.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Light.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Medium.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Regular.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Semibold.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Thin.otf
SFNSDisplayCondensed-Ultralight.otf
SFNSText.ttf
SFNSTextCondensed-Bold.otf
SFNSTextCondensed-Heavy.otf
SFNSTextCondensed-Light.otf
SFNSTextCondensed-Medium.otf
SFNSTextCondensed-Regular.otf
SFNSTextCondensed-Semibold.otf
SFNSTextItalic.ttf
Symbol.ttf
Times.dfont
ZapfDingbats.ttf (optional)
/Library/Fonts/ folder:
AppleGothic.ttf
Arial Black.ttf
Arial Bold Italic.ttf
Arial Bold.ttf
Arial Italic.ttf
Arial Narrow Bold Italic.ttf
Arial Narrow Bold.ttf
Arial Narrow Italic.ttf
Arial Narrow.ttf
Arial Rounded Bold.ttf
Arial.ttf
Comic Sans MS Bold.ttf
Comic Sans MS.ttf
Georgia Bold Italic.ttf
Georgia Bold.ttf
Georgia Italic.ttf
Georgia.ttf
Impact.ttf
Tahoma Bold.ttf
Tahoma.ttf
Times New Roman Bold Italic.ttf
Times New Roman Bold.ttf
Times New Roman Italic.ttf
Times New Roman.ttf
Trebuchet MS Bold Italic.ttf
Trebuchet MS Bold.ttf
Trebuchet MS Italic.ttf
Trebuchet MS.ttf
Verdana Bold Italic.ttf
Verdana Bold.ttf
Verdana Italic.ttf
Verdana.ttf
Webdings.ttf
Wingdings 2.ttf
Wingdings 3.ttf
Wingdings.ttf
I may receive some form of compensation, financial or otherwise, from my recommendation or link.
