Looking at the documentation, I'm afraid you may well be stuck. They say:
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Only you can reset your password, manage your trusted devices, or create a new Recovery Key. Apple Support can help you with other aspects of your service, but they aren't able to update or recover these three things for you. When you use two-step verification, you are responsible for:
- Remembering your password
- Keeping your trusted devices physically secure
- Keeping your Recovery Key in a safe place
If you lose access to two of these three items at the same time, you could be locked out of your Apple ID permanently.
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You could try Support on the basis of security, but it doesn't look hopeful. This Apple Help page provides contact information for various countries for security problems with an Apple ID:
http://support.apple.com/en-us/HT5699