1. Whose two step verification had you turned on and then off?
Since you are trying to use Microsoft Authenticator app, that would seem to indicate that you turned on Microsoft's two step verification.
2. If you turned on Microsoft 2 step verification, how are you trying to access your email -- from a)Safari or other internet browser or b) from Apple's Mail application?
If you have 2 step turned on for Microsoft and you are accessing your mail from an internet browser, you would use your normal Microsoft password and the authentication code from the Authenticator app.
If you have 2 step turned on for Microsoft and you are accessing your mail from Apple's Mail app, you would use an "App Password" from Microsoft instead of your usual Microsoft password and there would be no use for the Authenticator app.
More details such as answers to the above may help us help you.