Thanks for posting this conversation.
I had the same problem with one particular app always appearing on the right hand side of the dock with the clock icon. I tried lots of things to remove it but it persisted. I then toggled the switch under Siri & Search for the particular app to turn suggestions off for that app. The icon then disappeared and I've not seen it return yet.
This was after updating to IOS 11.0.2.
It seems crazy that they have an option to remove suggested apps on the dock but this doesn't include time-based suggestions from Siri. Having to turn off suggestions for each app individually is a ridiculous way to resolve this problem.