I have MacBook Pro early 2011. After weeks of pulling hair only had one slight success that I hesitate to even call a success.
I have been able to successfully install Snow Leopard, using the original dvd that cam with MacBook.
I am unable to upgrade to anything else without ending up in same white screen ****.
Going to sound weird but to install Snow Leopard did the following:
Boot holding option key
You should see hard drive and dvd items
I held down Shift and selected dvd (installing without holding Shift...failed...I don’t know why this worked)
Was able to successfully install snow leopard.
In another effort, I used a friends MacBook to do a clean install if High Sierra to an external drive. Took that drive and installed it in his laptop, no problems noted. Installed that working install in my MacBook. Boom, same white screen of death. Ggrrrr.
It’s crap...I know, but only thing that has enforced my hardware is fine. Though I suspect in High Sierra, Apple screwed up the firmware.