Tell me how to test it. At any given time there are dozens of things using energy on your phone. So it is impossible to tell the effect of any one of them, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth included. I guess you could reset your phone, set it up as new, don't install any apps. Don't create any email accounts. Don't log in to iCloud. Don't browse the Internet. Put it in Airplane mode, then turn on Wi-Fi only. And leave the phone without using it at all for a few days and measure the battery life. Then repeat the test with Wi-Fi off for the same period of several days. Measured exactly, to the minute. This is about the only test that might be meaningful.
So, given that you can't determine it empirically, the alternative is to do it analytically. Which I have done and posted in detail in another thread (I should create a user tip from it). It's based on the energy requirements in the IEEE 802.11 standard for WiFi and 802.14 for Bluetooth.
I won't bother to repeat it here, but the bottom line is that if the only thing using power on your iPhone was unconnected Bluetooth and unconnected Wi-Fi the battery life would be on the order of weeks. So whether it is on or off will make no measurable difference in the battery life of your phone.
Anecdotally, In the 10 years I have had iPhones and iPads I have never turned off Wi-Fi and never turned off Bluetooth. I charge the phone overnight, every night, and my phones have gone through an entire day without having to recharge, unless I spend many hours on the phone. Today, for example, it is a little after 10 PM, and my iPhone 7 Plus is showing 44% battery left. And I've been using it heavily on mostly cellular data throughout the day. Usage was 7 1/2 hours, standby 14 hours.