First off, as anyone who has spent any time perusing the message boards here knows, Apple DOES NOT officially monitor these forums at all. Posting comments like "Apple, why aren't you doing something about this??" will do nothing but spur some of the more experienced folks here to chide you about it. What we all need to do, when we experience issues such as this, is post them on Apple's feedback pages: https://apple.com/feedback. And for this issue, use the page specific to 'macOS': Feedback - macOS - Apple
FYI, I'm a small-time Apple-specific computer consultant in SW Colo. I've been making a living working on Macs for close to 15 years, and while completely self-taught, I think I've gotten very good at troubleshooting, and fixing, all manner of issues that come my way. That said, I would never call myself an 'expert' in anything related to computers. "Experienced", yes, but far from an expert.
I discovered this issue, and the many threads regarding it (not just here either), due to several machines that came to me for attention just this week. When I started to uncover what appears to be the depth and breadth of the problem, I became very concerned, primarily because I've been advising my clients to go ahead and make the leap to High Sierra since the 10.13.3 update came out. [In my experience, the 10.x.3 update is usually the minimum version I think we have to wait for before upgrading to a new OS.] So if this issue hits even a significant portion of my clients, I'm going to be hearing from a lot of upset folks.
Anyway, tonight I started digging into anything that seemed to be a common thread. One that rose to the top was that there must be an incompatibility between a kernel extension and High Sierra, that's somehow specific to older machines. So, on a test machine that exhibited the issue, I booted from an external device, dug into /System/Library/Extensions, and sorted them by creation date. There were only about a half dozen that were created prior to 2017, most of them printer-related, so I created a new folder named "Extensions(disabled)", and moved those older extension into that folder. I rebooted to the internal drive, and... bang! ...the issue went away.
While I obviously realize that this is far from a definitive (let alone scientific or possibly even reproducible) solution, I think it clearly points out the probability/likelihood that it IS an incompatible kernel extension that's at fault.
I thought I should post this as soon as I could, just to get the info out there, incomplete as it is, in the hopes that someone more experienced than I could test the theory further. I apologize that I don't have a list of the specific extensions I disabled, but I had a client waiting the take his machine home, and I didn't think about posting this until after he'd left.
For what it's worth, this was on a 13-inch, Early 2011, MacBook Pro, that was hanging when the progress bar reached about halfway. I could not get it to boot normally at all, though I did boot from my external "rescue" disk, run Disk Utility, and it found no issues. And while a Safe Boot wouldn't complete either, I did boot into Single User Mode, where it also found no issues. After disabling that older group of kexts, I rebooted the machine repeatedly, installed the 10.13.3 Supplemental Update, and it rebooted cleanly every time.
Hope this helps start us on the road to a solution, somehow. And don't forget to report your experiences at Feedback - macOS - Apple
Sigh... The tech world seems to be getting wackier by the day, but I still enjoy trying to help people figure it all out!