Path /system/installation/packages/osinstall.mpkg appears to be missing or damaged

You do not have the correct installer file. I suggest you try this:

Clean Install of El Capitan or Later on a Clean Disk

1. Restart the computer. Immediately after the chime hold down the (see Note below) keys until a globe appears.
2. The Utility Menu will appear in from 5-20 minutes. Be patient.
3. Select Disk Utility and click on the Continue button.
4. When Disk Utility loads select the drive (usually, the out-dented entry) from the side list.
5. Click on the Erase tab in Disk Utility's main window. A panel will drop down.
6. Set the partition scheme to GUID.
7. Set the Format type to Mac OS Extended (Journaled.)
8. Click on the Apply button, then click on the Done button when it activates.
9. Quit Disk Utility and return to the Utility Menu.
10. Select Reinstall OS X and click on the Continue button.

Note:

1. To install the version of OS X that was currently installed use Command-Option-R.

2. To install the original factory version when the computer was new use Command-Option-Shift-R.

Someone in a similar thread suggested to install the update manually:

- Hold down ⌘ + Option while rebooting your mac.

- Choose your disk (instead of the installer drive.

your mac should now start normally.

Download and manually install the update that doesn't work as a combo update here for 10.13.2 or google for the right version:

macOS High Sierra 10.13.2 Combo Update