how to access icloud archived documents

Be sure to have configured the Mac to use iCloud (iCloud - Learn how to set up iCloud on all your devices. - Apple), then you can access the iCloud disk directly from the Finder.

Have a look at mine:

If you enable the integration: Add your Desktop and Documents files to iCloud Drive - Apple Support all what is in your desktop & in the document folder will be automatically keep in synch with iCloud.

When you saved them as an archive, where did you choose to save them? Look in Finder for the folder.