Things aren't deleting from my iPhone 5c

I've got pretty terrible storage issues, so often find myself deleting apps and pictures etc. However, after uninstalling 7 apps from my iPhone, they're still showing up as taking up storage space, and if my phone is turned off then on again, they appear back on my screen - except without the app icon and instead with a white box. I've tried deleting these in every way I can think Of, but the problem is persistent.

Alongside this, my photos app will often crash as I try to delete images from it, which means that I can't free up the storage I need for my work.

Any advice on how to stop these? Is it going to be a case of needing to factory reset my phone?? I know I'm on an outdated IOS (10.3.3) but no further iOS updates are available to my phone, and friends with the same iOS and iPhone model don't have the same problem, so I mean sure it's not down to that.