Macbook Pro starts, enter password, load bar fills to 100%, and stays frozen

I am guessing but when you reloaded macOS did you simply restore it over the existing system or did you erase the drive then restored your Time Machine backup? In either case, you may not have fixed the problem because you did not get rid of the system file that is causing the problem. Even though you may have erased the drive before restoring your Time Machine backup, the faulty system file is on the backup. I'd like you to try the following:

1. Repair permissions on the Home folder: Resolve issues caused by changing the permissions of items in your home folder.
2. Create a New User Account Open Users & Groups preferences. Click on the lock icon and enter your Admin password when prompted. On the left under Current User click on the Add [+] button under Login Options. Setup a new Admin user account. Upon completion log out of your current account then log into the new account. If your problems cease, then consider switching to the new account and transferring your files to it - Transferring files from one User Account to another.

Let's try these:

1. Shutdown the computer, wait 30 seconds, restart the computer.
2. Disconnect all third-party peripherals and remove any support software like drivers and plug-ins.
3. Resetting your Mac’s PRAM and NVRAM
4. Reset the System Management Controller (SMC)
5. Start the computer in Safe Mode. Test in safe mode to see if the problem persists, then restart normally. This is slower than a standard startup.

Are you able to log in from safe mode? If you can then try the two items I sent earlier. If you are still stuck then you need to do the following:

Erase and Install OS X Restart the computer. Immediately after the chime hold down the Command and R keys until the Apple logo appears. When the Utility Menu appears:

1. Select Disk Utility from the Utility Menu and click on Continue button.
2. When Disk Utility loads select the drive (out-dented entry) from the Device list.
3. Click on the Erase icon in Disk Utility's toolbar. A panel will drop down.
4. Set the Format type to Mac OS Extended (Journaled.)
5. Click on the Apply button, then wait for the Done button to activate and click on it.
6. Quit Disk Utility and return to the Utility Menu.
7. Select Reinstall OS X and click on the Continue button.

If you have no functioning Recovery HD then you will have to try using Internet Recovery so be sure you have your Wi-Fi and/or Ethernet connected to the Internet via your home LAN setup and it is turned on.

Internet/Network Recovery of El Capitan or Later on a Clean Disk

1. Restart the computer. Immediately after the chime hold down the (Command-Option-R) keys until a globe appears.
2. The Utility Menu will appear in from 5-20 minutes. Be patient.
3. Select Disk Utility and click on the Continue button.
4. When Disk Utility loads select the drive (usually, the out-dented entry) from the side list.
5. Click on the Erase tab in Disk Utility's main window. A panel will drop down.
6. Set the partition scheme to GUID.
7. Set the Format type to APFS (SSDs only) or Mac OS Extended (Journaled.)
8. Click on the Apply button, then click on the Done button when it activates.
9. Quit Disk Utility and return to the Utility Menu.
10. Select Reinstall OS X and click on the Continue button.

Note:

1. To install the version of OS X that was currently installed use Command-Option-R.

2. To install the original factory version when the computer was new use Command-Option-Shift-R.

Yes, you will lose everything, I'm afraid, unless you can backup your files or already have a backup.