So, what is the latest version and how does one get it?
Each QTX Player app build is programmed to work with a specific QTX structure embedded in and compatible with specific macOS X builds. Therefore, the "latest" version is typically installed as part of the macOS X upgrade install if/as needed. (I.e., the QTX Player is not available as an independent software app installation.)
I see QuickTime in the the download area of Apple.com Support, but the latest version there is 7.x.
Independent "classic" QT7 downloads are available for Leopard and earlier operating systems (which won't install on Snow Leopard or later operating systems) and QT 7 v7.6.6 which is the latest version compatible with/installable on Snow Leopard and later 32-bit compatible operating systems.