Do you reside in Europe where the new law just took effect? If you are in the US, there isn't such an extensive privacy law; however, Apple is quite good about privacy here is a link to their Privacy policy:
Legal - Privacy Policy - Apple
Well, if you object to what the app Photos does, then you can easily avoid that: simply do not use it. If you are concerned about privacy, do not use iCloud, do not upload/share private info/photos online. If you enjoy the ease with which you can share/sync files and photos and find them by using Faces, there is a price to be paid: the photos need to be catalogued. I do not care for Photos' file system, so I have a Photos folder set up in my Documents folder with many subfolders ("trip to coast" or whatever) where I have all my photos. Of course, I have to manually arrange them and there is no syncing, etc, but I can live with that.
And, you may want to read the license for the OS which explains that you are agreeing to certain functions of the OS:
https://www.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/macOS1013.pdf