Google maps gets their data from services in each metropolitan area. So, there are at least 3 layers of updating going on. The data service gets updated through sensors on the freeways and roads. Google updates their graphic overlays. Then the last step is the phone getting the update. I am not sure if things cache or how often it refreshes on the phone, but the Edge network that you were probably on takes a while to update. Also, yesterday (still?) the Edge network was having "issues" on the west coast (and midwest?). So, many things can account for this. I think over time the community will begin to understand how reliable this is.
Another thing is that ATT might be doing a lot of caching on the servers that operate the Edge services. So, they may be caching to increase performance at the cost of being less "real-time".
A way to check how the phone work in this regard is to turn off wireless on the phone while at your computer and use google maps on the computer at the same time and see if the data represented is the same. Should be. If not, the phone either has caching issues or Edge network issues.