I now have some more information which may be of use to others. I have to stress, though, that in order to confirm with more statistical reliability that what I have now observed is not the result of some undetected contingency, I would have had to have spent more time and waste more blank CDs than I can afford.
Quite apart from the old disc of photos that would not open at all, I have been finding that audio CDs that I have burnt myself (using Toast Titanium 7) take a very long time to mount on my Mac; when inserted, the drive makes rhythmic rumbling sounds for up to nearly 2 minutes before settling down and making the disc icon appear on the desktop. In my CD player, however, they play perfectly well and immediately.
I have now discovered that when I last made a data CD, I had left the advanced recorder settings at 'write session' instead of 'write disc'. Now that I have reset this to 'write disc', my burnt audio CDs load and mount normally. I am puzzled by this, because when burning audio CDs (unlike data CDs) it is impossible to burn a session in such a way as to leave the disc 'open' and allow more sessions to be burnt subsequently. So the 'write session' option should have no effect when burning audio CDs. Yet (unless the effect is due to some other, undetected, contingency) it does seem to affect the loading and mounting of audio CDs.
I wonder if anyone has any light to shed on this?