There's nothing called a "splitter". There are two different things: a hub, an a router.
A "hub" is a device that connects multiple network interfaces together. If you connected your DSL modem to a hub, each computer connected to the hub would try talking to your ISP, fetching IP addresses, and whatnot. Your ISP probably won't allow that. However, a hub is useful as a "splitter" of sorts in that you can connect one port to a single network connection and have multiple additional ports.
A "switch" is like a hub, but instead of broadcasting all the network traffic to every port, it copies traffic only to the machine that needs to see it. This can speed up busy networks.
A "router" is like a hub with a built-in computer that acts as a firewall, gateway, DHCP server, etc. It's what people generally use in a household where they are using wireless or multiple computers within the house. A typical setup would plug a wireless router (which usually still has some wired ethernet ports on it as well) into a DSL or cable modem, and have all the computers within the household connect through it.