I think we are mixing terms here.
I believe the Macbook Air, Macbook and Macbook Pro power adapters are 45W, 60W and 85W respectively. The power adapters don't push power to the notebooks, the notebooks draw power from the power adapters, Consequently you can always use a higher wattage adapter.
The Macbook and Macbook Pro use different voltages but all the power adapters seem to be able to use each. The Macbook Pro uses 4.6A (amps) and the Macbook uses 3.65A and the Macbook Air 3.1A. Pushing to many amps to a device would ruin the unit, but it seems like this has been planned as you can mix and match all the magsafe adapters today and they all function properly.
I have read that the notebook knows whether it can draw enough power to recharge the battery or only enough to run the computer while it is on and that in the latter case it will charge the battery when the notebook turns off. Whether this is bad for the charger or the notebook is unclear, but since the notebooks seem to respond intelligently in those different situations I think that the apple engineers have planned accordingly. If you draw too much power from the airline adapter for example, the airline adapter will simply stop providing power temporarily and the light will go off for a moment.