1. In my experience, the white color wears out LCDs with time. For instance, the top main Finder menu of the Apple Cinema Displays shows white all the time with Mac OS X, and wears out with time (several years). You can see it when the Mac is booting and such area is shown darker. Actually, it has usually being recommended to use a full solid black background as the best screen saver to increase the LCD useful life.
There can be image burn-in with LCDs, but Apple says it can be fixed
<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=10639>
<http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=88343>
(They recommend white for fixing it.)
2. So, if your argument is correct, it seems that solid white is the best color for lower energy consumption,
White won't reduce the energy consumption, but the display should run slightly cooler since it is radiation more light, instead of adsorbing it.
but solid black or a dark color could be better to increase LCD useful life.
It seems that it the black that burns-in (since they recommend a white screen to fix it), but not permanently.
3. Last but not least, the "Apple/System Preferences/Displays/Brightness" set at 50% or lower will also increase the LCD useful life (the less brightness, the better).
Don't forget to set display sleep in "Energy Save" system preference. Reduced brightness will make the backlight last longer, but won't affect burn-in Display sleep will help both.