Using fractions like ½ in text

That being said, the way to get the fractions to look similar in AppleWorks is to use superscript & subscript

... or use the built-in equation editor.

Hello Anthony,

You may try the script listed below.
It will ask you the directory which and of which sub directories contain the rtf files and then edit each rtf file such that X is replaced by Y (denoted by X => Y) as follows:

\'bc => {\up 1}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 4}
\'bd => {\up 1}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 2}
\'be => {\up 3}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 4}

I changed the replacement string a little from the one in the earlier post. This one will be safer.

To test the script, please make a test folder and copy a few rtf files you want to edit into it, run the script and choose the test folder when asked by the script. Then it will make a backup copy of each rtf file and create edited version. (Given an orignial file name A, the backup copy is named A.orig and the edited version is named A. Backup copy is made whether or not actual modification to the file takes place. If you wish, you can prevent the script from making backup copy by setting the property _backup to false.)

If the test is fine, please make a copy of the real target folder, run the script and choose the copy for safety. If there're a lot of rtf files in the target tree, it will take a while to finish.

---
By the way, I guess this thread is related to this:
Topic : Import .rtf file int ApppleWorks 6
http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=1601811

Then your new procedure would be -
1) Edit the rtf file as explained here; and
2) Open the edited rtf file in TextEdit and copy the text; and
3) Paste it into AppleWorks WP document.



Good luck,
Hiroto

P.S. To use the script, copy the entire text from '--SCRIPT3' to '--END OF SCRIPT3' (inclusive) and paste it into new window of Script Editor and run it. (Please copy the text from this web page, not from subscribed email text, for I escaped some characters for posting.)

Perl code has been tested but the entire script has not, for I don't use OSX for myself. Sorry for that.



--SCRIPT3
(*
Edit rtf files suth that
X is replaced with Y (denoted as X => Y) as follows:

\'bc => {\up 1}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 4}
\'bd => {\up 1}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 2}
\'be => {\up 3}{\uc1\u8260/}{\dn 4}

Usage:
Run this script and it will ask you to locate the root of the directory tree in which the rtf files reside,
and then it will process every rtf file in chosen tree.
(If the property _backup is true, it will make backup copy for each rtf file in advance.
Otherwise (_backup is false) the original rtf file is overwritten without making backup copy)
*)
main()
on main()
script o
property _backup : true -- whether or not to make backup copy ("*.rtf.orig") for each rtf file ("*.rtf") in advance
property mss1 : "Choose root directory under which the rtf files reside."
property mss2 : "You are modifying every rtf file in the directory tree rooted at:" & return & return
property mss3 : "Done."
property pl : "
s(\\\\'bc)({\\\\up 1}{\\\\uc1\\\\u8260/}{\\\\dn 4})og;
s(\\\\'bd)({\\\\up 1}{\\\\uc1\\\\u8260/}{\\\\dn 2})og;
s(\\\\'be)({\\\\up 3}{\\\\uc1\\\\u8260/}{\\\\dn 4})og;"

set da to choose folder with prompt mss1
display dialog mss2 & da with icon 1 -- for confirmation
set dpx_ to quoted form of (da's POSIX path's text 1 thru -2)

if _backup then
-- to edit every *.rtf file after making a backup copy named *.rtf.orig
set sh to "find " & dpx_ & " -type f -iname \"*.rtf\" -print0 | xargs -0 perl -i.orig -pe " & quoted form of pl
else
-- to edit every *.rtf file without making any backup copy.
set sh to "find " & dpx_ & " -type f -iname \"*.rtf\" -print0 | xargs -0 perl -i -pe " & quoted form of pl
end if
do shell script sh

display dialog mss3 with icon 1 giving up after 5
end script
tell o to run
end main
--END OF SCRIPT3

Message was edited by: Hiroto

AppleWorks 6 is an OS 8/9 program carbonized to run in OS X. AppleWorks cannot use most of the available Characters in Character Palette & will crash if you use a Unicode keyboard layout. You need to use Keyboard Viewer with AppleWorks.

That being said, the way to get the fractions to look similar in AppleWorks is to use superscript & subscript & a smaller font size. T & B has an Enhancement Pack for AppleWorks that has an AppleScript to do this.

"The Equation Editor doesn't seem to offer a way to write 'half' with an oblique between the '1' and the '2'?"

So use the method suggested earlier:

Type (in this case a mixed fraction) 4 2/3 ,setting fomatting for each character in the fraction as you go. The series of keystrokes to use is as below. Items enclosed in parentheses are keystroke combinations, explained below.

4(space)(shift-command- )2(command-T)(shift-option-1)(shift+command-)3(command-T)(space)


• 4, 2, 3 are the individual digits in the mixed fraction.
• space is a space character.
• shift-command-+ means press and hold the shift and command keys then tap and release the + key, then relese the shift and command keys. This keystroke combination sets Text Style to Superscript.
• command-T sets Text Style to Plain Text
• shift-option-1 is a "special character", an oblique stroke that is a zero width character. Using it tightens the fraction horizontally compared to using the oblique stroke on the "?" key.
• shift command- sets Text Style to Subscript (the "+" means the same as the "-" in the other keystroke combinations and is used in this instruction as "-" is the action key)
• command-T sets Text Style back to Plain Text.

When done, you might want to select and decrease the font size of the two numerals in the fraction part. I usually find the reduction built into Superscript and Subscript settings leaves them to big.

Because you'll be using fractions on a regular basis, I'd suggest setting up a "clip sheet"—a WP document with a collection of your most frequently used fractions in the fonts and sizes you use most often—then copy the fraction (and the Plain Text space character before and after it) to paste into a document where you need the fraction.

Fractions not in your collection can be constructed using the method above, or by modifying fractions you have already constructed. When modifying, remember to type the new numeral after the original, then delete the original. Deleting the original first will also delete its Style setting.

eg. to change 1/2 to 3/4
First add the NEW numerals after the originals: 13/24
Then delete the originals: 3/4

The alternate, of course is to switch to a word processor that can accept Unicode encoded text.

Regards,
Barry

The Equation Editor doesn't seem to offer a way to write 'half' with an oblique between the '1' and the '2'?

My math students would beg to differ with you on this. Equation editor is employed in the production of all their worksheets and exams, and all their supplemental handouts

Hello

Also you may use the following scripts of mine freely.
There're two versions.
One is for inserting new fraction into the location of current selection. Another is for formatting existing fraction in current selection.

Both will yield fraction in style as superior / inferior, where / is FRACTION SLASH. (U+2044 which is 0xDA = 218 in MacRoman) And both can process selection in text body of WP doc and in text frame of WP and DR doc.

Tested with AW6.2.3 under OS9.1.
Hope this may be some help,
H



--SCRIPT1
(*
fraction - insert
v0.2

Preparation -
Copy this script into new window of Script Editor and
save it as application (without showing startup screen) in, e.g. -
AppleWorks 6:AppleWorks Essentials:Scripts:WP:
and restart AppleWorks 6. Then you can call it from AppleWorks 6's Scripts menu.

Usage -
Select target text range or insertion point where to insert fraction and then call this script.
It will ask you fraction and put it in current selection with fraction's style, i.e.,
superior / inferior, where / is (equivallent to) U+2044 FRACTION SLASH
*)
main()
on main()
script o
property SOLIDUS : "/" as Unicode text -- U+002F
property FRACTION_SLASH : «data utxt2044» as anything -- U+2044

-- accept fraction text
repeat
display dialog "Enter fraction." default answer "p/q" with icon 1
set t to text returned of result
try
set k to offset of SOLIDUS in t
set k1 to offset of FRACTION_SLASH in t
if k = 0 or (k > k1 and k1 > 0) then set k to k1
if k = 0 then error number 8000
set n to t's text 1 thru (k - 1)
set d to t's text (k + 1) thru -1
exit repeat
on error --
display dialog "Invalid fraction: " & t with icon 2
end try
end repeat
set frac to (n & FRACTION_SLASH & d) as Unicode text

-- insert fraction text in current selection and set its style
tell application "AppleWorks 6"
activate
set selection to frac
tell (get object specifier of selection)
tell text 1 thru (k - 1) -- numerator
set style to {on styles:{superior}}
end tell
tell text k thru k -- fraction slash
set style to {on styles:{plain}}
end tell
tell text (k + 1) thru -1 -- denominator
set style to {on styles:{inferior}}
end tell
end tell
end tell
end script
tell o to run
end main
--END OF SCRIPT1



--SCRIPT2
(*
fraction - format
v0.2

Preparation -
Copy this script into new window of Script Editor and
save it as application (without showing startup screen) in, e.g. -
AppleWorks 6:AppleWorks Essentials:Scripts:WP:
and restart AppleWorks 6. Then you can call it from AppleWorks 6's Scripts menu.

Usage -
Select fraction text (e.g. '1/2') and call this script.
It will change its style to fraction's style, i.e.,
superior / inferior, where / is (equivallent to) U+2044 FRACTION SLASH
*)
main()
on main()
script o
property SOLIDUS : "/" as Unicode text -- U+002F
property FRACTION_SLASH : «data utxt2044» as anything -- U+2044

-- get and analyse text of selection
tell application "AppleWorks 6"
set t to text of selection
end tell
set k to offset of SOLIDUS in t
set k1 to offset of FRACTION_SLASH in t
if k = 0 or (k > k1 and k1 > 0) then set k to k1
if 2 > k or k = (count t) then
display dialog "No fraction is selected." with icon 2
error number -128
end if

-- set fraction's style of current selection
tell application "AppleWorks 6"
activate
tell (get object specifier of selection)
tell text 1 thru (k - 1) -- numerator
set style to {on styles:{superior}}
end tell
tell text k thru k -- fraction slash
set its text to FRACTION_SLASH
set style to {on styles:{plain}}
end tell
tell text (k + 1) thru -1 -- denominator
set style to {on styles:{inferior}}
end tell
end tell
end tell
end script
tell o to run
end main
--END OF SCRIPT2

Hello Hiroto

Why are you using
property FRACTION_SLASH : «data utxt2044» as anything -- U+2044

For years I uses the same kind of script with:

property FRACTION_SLASH : ASCII character (218)

I get exactly the same result.

Is the format utxt more robust given localisation problems ?

Yvan KOENIG (from FRANCE vendredi 18 juillet 2008 16:30:56)

Good evening Yvan,

Well, there's not that much reason for it.

I do not think 'ASCII character 218' will break in the foreseeable future, even though they say 'ASCII character' is deprecated as of AppleScript 2.0. So I may use 'ASCII character 218' as well.

Yet I used '«data utxt2044» as anything' because a) I have complete Unicode character table (pdf) at hand and it's been my late practice to find character in it; and b) I somewhat think it can be a better alternative to 'character id 8260' which is recommended in AppleScript 2.0. (I said 'better' (for me) because I can use 2044 of U+2044 FRACTION SLASH directly instead of calculating its decimal value 8260. I'm a lazy person, as you might know. 😉 )

By the way, '«data utxt2044» as Unicode text' won't work with AS1.8.3 under OS9.1. I have to say '«data utxt2044» as anything' instead. The 'as anything' coercion is a convenient way to get AppleScript value from well-formed data literal.

All the best,
Hiroto

Am I right to believe that while I can produce a decent-looking half to display in an AppleWorks document, there is no way to get AppleWorks to 'see' fractions in a PC-generated text document and display them correctly in the way that TextEdit does?

You are right AppleWorks is unable to recognize them.

About the script question, we must use script saved as application because the Script Editor delivered with Mac OS X creates xx.scpt files whose structure is not the same as the old fashioned ones.
In old ones the useful code was in a resourceFork and AppleWorks know the way to read this fork.

With the "not sorecent" editor the useful code is in the datafork and AppleWorks is unable to use it.
This is why we must save the scripts as Applications which AppleWorks may use.
If for some reason you must edit an old script, you will be forced to save it as an application to be able to use it.

Yvan KOENIG (from FRANCE samedi 19 juillet 2008 19:20:41)

Hello

You may edit the rtf files directly by plain text editor before opening it as rtf by TextEdit.
Most popular single-character fractions' code points are as follows.

Unicode:
U+00BC = 1/4
U+00BD = 1/2
U+00BE = 3/4

ISO-8859-1:
BC = 1/4
BD = 1/2
BE = 3/4

Therefore, edit the rtf contents as follows.
(X => Y denotes to replace X with Y)

\'bc => 1/4
\'bd => 1/2
\'be => 3/4

OR:

\'bc => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 4}
\'bd => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 2}
\'be => {\up 3}\u8260/{\dn 4}

('bc', 'bd' and 'de' are all preceded by a backslash followed by an apostrophe. The latter replacements will hopefully generate 'superscript/subscript' output, where '/' is FRACTION SLASH. In my brief test, it does generate 'superscript/subscript' output, but not sure whether it will work for you as well.)

This way single-character fraction will be replaced by three-character version and at least you won't be troubled by '?' in lieu of real data.

---
By the way, there're more fraction characters defined in the Unicode standard. E.g. -

U+2153 = 1/3
U+2154 = 2/3
U+2155 = 1/5
U+2156 = 2/5
U+2157 = 3/5
U+2158 = 4/5
U+2159 = 1/6
U+215A = 5/6
U+215B = 1/8
U+215C = 3/8
U+215D = 5/8
U+215E = 7/8
U+215F = 1/ (FRACTION NUMERATOR ONE)

If some of these are also used in the text, you'd need to replace every corresponding rtf representation with its thee-character version (i.e. 'compatibility decomposition' in Unicode term). I don't know how exactly they're represented in rtf. You'll have to investigate the real rtf file if need be.

The rest is my wild guess. Possibly like these (?)
(X = Y denotes that single-character fraction X is represented as Y in rtf)

1/3 = {\uc3\u8531 1/3}
2/3 = {\uc3\u8532 2/3}
1/5 = {\uc3\u8533 1/5}
2/5 = {\uc3\u8534 2/5}
3/5 = {\uc3\u8535 3/5}
4/5 = {\uc3\u8536 4/5}
1/6 = {\uc3\u8537 1/6}
5/6 = {\uc3\u8538 5/6}
1/8 = {\uc3\u8539 1/8}
3/8 = {\uc3\u8540 3/8}
5/8 = {\uc3\u8541 5/8}
7/8 = {\uc3\u8542 7/8}
1/ = {\uc2\u8543 1/}

If so, replace them as follows:
(X => Y denotes to replace X with Y)

\uc3\u8531 1/3 => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 3}
\uc3\u8532 2/3 => {\up 2}\u8260/{\dn 3}
\uc3\u8533 1/5 => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 5}
\uc3\u8534 2/5 => {\up 2}\u8260/{\dn 5}
\uc3\u8535 3/5 => {\up 3}\u8260/{\dn 5}
\uc3\u8536 4/5 => {\up 4}\u8260/{\dn 5}
\uc3\u8537 1/6 => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 6}
\uc3\u8538 5/6 => {\up 5}\u8260/{\dn 6}
\uc3\u8539 1/8 => {\up 1}\u8260/{\dn 8}
\uc3\u8540 3/8 => {\up 3}\u8260/{\dn 8}
\uc3\u8541 5/8 => {\up 5}\u8260/{\dn 8}
\uc3\u8542 7/8 => {\up 7}\u8260/{\dn 8}
\uc2\u8543 1/ => {\up 1}\u8260/

Good luck,
H

PS. If the method explained above turns out to yield acceptable result, it's not too difficult to write a script to edit multiple rtf files as such.

Message was edited by: Hiroto (fixed typo)

Hello

two lazy guys heavily working aren't we ?

Yvan KOENIG (from FRANCE vendredi 18 juillet 2008 18:54:56)