You can't disable 3G voice (or EDGE or any other service) and still use 3G data (or EDGE or any other service). You can just not make or receive calls, and still use data, you can turn on Airplane Mode and turn on Wi-Fi, or you can remove the SIM, resulting in an iPhone that works as an iPod Touch.
The simplest thing to do would be to just not make or receive calls. You would not be charged for any calls that you declined or missed, but you would be charged for any texts received.
If Visual Voicemail is available where you are going (sometimes it isn't), then when you turn off Airplane Mode, you will see your voicemails. If Visual Voicemail isn't available, then you would have to call your voicemail, resulting in extra charges/minutes. Apparently, Visual Voicemail uses data, but not minutes, but CALLING your voicemail will use minutes.
Message was edited by: eaglesflight1258