FWIW, 10.8.3 changed nothing for me either. I think it's two things we're discussing here: 1) blurry icon on -existing- files (which means the icon is recorded (as blurry[actually the worng size]) in one of several places and 2) what -causes- the icon to be wrong-sized in the first place.
As for #2, that could have to do with a cache, similar to #1. In my situation, I notice the issue when I mount a DMG. If the icon is blurry on the DMG, it will be blurry on my drive.
Therefore, (again, at least for me) the trick is to make sure I don't install software when its icon is ill-sized.
To do that, I have to use MLCC (Mountain Lion Cache Cleaner). Using it, I first turn off spotlight, and then I relaunch the system daemons. Both are found under the system menu. I have to do this after every reboot, so I've put MLCC into my startup items.
Tedious, but that does it 100% of the time.
Equally, that doesn't mean it will -stay- that way through an entire session, but mostly does. That is, there are things I can do that will trigger it all over again. I -think- that accessing the machine via Remote Access triggers it; certainly some installer packages trigger it. In this case, unfortunately merely taking the two steps in MLCC doens't fix it; I have to reboot and do the two steps to cure it again.
If I don't run installers during the day, the fix seems to stick most of the time.
FWIW