You may have asked the drive to do something for which it required just slightly more power than it has needed in the past, nudging it just above the power limit of 500mA that can be provided by the USB port. Or perhaps something in the drive enclosure is beginning to fail, increasing its power demand. The chipsets used in WD external drive enclosures are just plain crummy — maybe that's why they're so cheap. People report more trouble with WD external drives in these fora than all other brands combined.
You can consider using a USB "Y" cable to connect your drive to two USB ports instead of just one. That should give it adequate power.
http://store.westerndigital.com/store/wdus/en_US/DisplayAccesoryProductDetailsPa ge/productID.106596600/categoryID.13095900
But for a surer remedy, I suggest opening the WD drive enclosure, removing the drive, throwing away the junk enclosure, and mounting the drive in one of these:
http://eshop.macsales.com/item/Other%20World%20Computing/MOTGSU2/
http://eshop.macsales.com/item/Other%20World%20Computing/MSTG400U2/
http://eshop.macsales.com/item/Other%20World%20Computing/MOTG800U2/
The first two enclosures linked are for SATA drives, which I think is what's inside your WD enclosure. If it turns out to be an ATA/IDE drive instead, the third link will be a proper enclosure for it.
Many top users in these fora use and swear by these enclosures, and very few of them will buy a WD external drive.