To me this sounds very strange for an Apple response to a guarantee. I am not saying at all that it didn't happen, but if it did, the Apple Store and the workers there should be reported at once--even now. I have never heard of a case where Apple has refused to deal with a product under its guarantee structure, and, to the contrary, I have heard that products have been replaced in whole or in part.
It is true, and it is the reason for this thread, that Apple personnel may not know the causes or solutions for certain problems so that they replace parts that may not need replacing. But, then again, I have never heard of Apple stores refusing to deal with customer issues of machines under a warranty.
While I am far from being a big Apple fan (and this thread has something to do with that), I would be careful about making the generalizations that you are making about American Apple stores v. European .
Also, while your son got service for his problem under the guarantee in Germany, it remains to be seen if the solution he got ends his problem. The real issue in this thread is that despite the many solutions that people have gotten under the warranty guarantee, often the root problem with their machines has not been solved. The real proof of the pudding will be in the coming days, weeks and even months . . . whether there is or isn't a recurrence of the problem. If there is a recurrence as seems possible, I would imagine that your son will go again to have his computer serviced, as many people have here, and possibly rejoin this Apple thread.