I have bought an Iphone in france in last august and a week ago I just had the same problem. As I live in Brazil, I have no other choice other than fix it or buy another phone. So, I'm trying hard finding a solution.
Not to restore the phone again and again (as I would an eagerness to JB again) I tried different things, with some methodology testing .
First I gave up the chance of being something on software, it shows almost for sure it's a hardware issue.
1) By switching cells, the micro-SIM used, with DX adapter used in a smartphone Samsung, I ended up switching to iphone with the iphone still on.
I removed the tray and insert the SIM, he quickly recognized and decided to begin testing.
It worked. I made some calls simulating proximity sensor error , muting, speakerphone, BT headset ... the connection lasted much longer than the initially reported: 30s
From 10 to 10 minutes retraced the test successfully
Hypothesis # 1: Bad SIM contact with the mainboard.
I thought about it much until a phone call to my girlfriend - he failed to 3min.
I repeated the test, the SIM, removing it and inserting it again, I returned to the initial problem - SO? No success at all.
2) When reading about the problem and see what works the thing about tapping-bottom, I decided to investigate how frequent and heavy taping should be trying something different.
I figured that squeezing the iPhone (screen x rear end) the bad contact could be reestablished by magic or something.
I tried to tighten and tighten at my full strenght... Little success, made some noise when it worked, which reminded me of the tapping process and returned to the original test.
Tap here with finger tap, tap it on my knee...
Hypothesis # 2: Error function / connection mic speaker connector bundle to the motherboard.
Actually this is a bad contact or else oxidation of components in a connection through radiation, I guess it must disable sound components.
SO? No success, but with little success or future damage as possible coming from the tapping process.
3) I used a tip from this forum to test 3G connection problems, wifi etc ...
Really seemed to make sense, since issue # 1 had to do with SIM card, and run for almost an hour had been over a wi-fi network.
I decided to experiment with different connection scenarios, thetering, etc..
Hypothesis # 3: problem of connection types and antenna hardware error and inferring than in the microphone.
No effect any change connection, disconnect data over network and so on...
SO? No success at all.
4) Returning to imagine a possible problem with the mic speaker connector bundle I imagined that a poor contact between the tracks of the connector being a troublemaker, and this was the reason for my Motorola v600 fail miserably in 2003.
With a magnifying glass and flashlight, I noticed that there was but a small spot of rust or oxidation on the connectors then - especially those that were used.
My intention was to take an eraser and clean these connectors, indeed impossible because of their location.
Plugged the cable and removing them from an angle position, so I decided to clean by scraping these connectors.
Hypothesis # 4: Bad tracks in connector.
The tests were promising. The mic came back to work without the violence of the tapping process but the duration of the solution was not the most satisfactory, but I avoided smash the phone on the wall each phone call.
Another test in this regard was to twist the connector as the turning of a key in the ignition of a car. Oddly enough it worked well - especially in a clockwise direction, literally firing up the car ...
SO? It worked relatively well. Now I carry a USB cable connected to the iphone all the time, so I give links in a little twist and the problem is reduced.
I'm looking for spare parts to try to change something, being cheaper than buying a new iphone, or maybe study how the primary connector and the connections with the main board to try to reestablish the connection if it is compromised.
Please apple... help us! Will'ya?