I will say it again, and I am right. If you are syncing health data (the switch is ON) the health data will not be included in any backup.
If you are NOT syncing health data, the health data WILL be included in both encrypted iTunes backups and iCloud backups.
I really do know what I am talking about. Perhaps the support article you quoted could be clearer, but what is written is what I said if you read it carefully.
Now you are certainly free to ignore me if you so choose, but I am right.
BTW, this article-->About backups for iOS devices - Apple Support is clearer. Specifically:
iCloud backups include nearly all data and settings stored on your device. iCloud backups don't include:
- Data that's already stored in iCloud, like Contacts, Calendars, Notes, iCloud Photos, iMessages, Voice Memos, text (SMS) and multimedia (MMS) messages, and Health data*